{"id":54637,"date":"2025-08-12T10:39:03","date_gmt":"2025-08-12T08:39:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kernbeisser.ch\/what-is-universal-about-the-bible-what-is-spefic\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T12:37:58","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T10:37:58","slug":"what-is-universal-about-the-bible-what-is-spefic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kernbeisser.ch\/en\/what-is-universal-about-the-bible-what-is-spefic\/","title":{"rendered":"What is universal about the Bible, what is specific?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_column_text text_lead=&#8221;yes&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;716336&#8243;]Sometimes worlds collide. This happens, for example, when people with very different theological views talk about how one should &#8220;see&#8221; a biblical passage. That occupies my mind.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;109490&#8243;]There are two different approaches here: universal and specific interpretation. A universal interpretation of the Bible is based on the assumption that everything is or must always be valid. A specific interpretation may differentiate and recognize that some parts of the Bible are specifically for certain people or a certain group. Differentiation is often about relevance for this or that person. You also realize that not everything speaks of myself.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;660302&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h3>Universal<\/h3>\n<p>A universal appreciation can arise from a simple assumption that the Bible is God&#8217;s word and therefore universally valid. This is an inference, but the intention may be to accept the entire Bible as the basis of faith. If you have a positive image of God, this could have a positive effect. However, if one has the image of a demanding and punishing God whose justice is incalculable and whose love is unapproachable, then a universal interpretation becomes a universal problem. A &#8220;universal interpretation&#8221; is no guarantee for a better life of faith.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;250042&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h3>Specific<\/h3>\n<p>A specific, differentiating interpretation recognizes other problems. Dispensationalism is a systematic theology that cultivates distinctions. This is based on the assumption that although God is always the same, he acts differently in different times. The present time, for example, is characterized by grace, while other times speak of judgment or yet other things. Differences in the text are taken into account and the differentiation leads to a better understanding of God&#8217;s nature and work. This is also known as &#8220;dividing correctly the word of God&#8221; in reference to a statement by Paul (2 Timothy 2:15). I see this view as helpful because it points to the text and makes it clear that the key to understanding is contained in the text and context. But there is also a possible derailment. This happens when one makes <em>absolute<\/em> distinctions between these and those parts of Scripture. Then perhaps it is better to speak of the &#8220;cutting up of scripture&#8221;, because the theological understanding is elevated to <em>absolute<\/em> truth.<\/p>\n<p>Another special, differentiating interpretation can be recognized in biblical scholarship when certain writings are defined as &#8220;authentic&#8221; and others as &#8220;inauthentic&#8221;. While an examination of the text in its wider literary and cultural context is helpful, I have also experienced here that some theologians elevate this understanding to <em>absolute<\/em> truth and thus no longer appear authentic themselves.<\/p>\n<p>Thirdly, the text can also be understood as a reflection of the religious expectations and culture of the time. Not everything is clarified from text and context alone. Consider, for example, the mention of &#8220;Jannes and Jambres&#8221; (2 Timothy 3:8), who are not mentioned anywhere else in the Bible. According to Jewish tradition, these are the names of the Egyptian magicians who fought against Moses and Aaron. This seems to be a clear indication that it is not only possible to explain &#8220;scripture with scripture&#8221;, but that other things can be taken into account for a better understanding.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;601810&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h3>Two types of differentiation<\/h3>\n<p>Perhaps it is helpful to ask what you want to achieve with your own Bible reading? What is your concern, what is my concern? Are you just looking for encouragement for everyday life? Do you want to gain insight into God&#8217;s nature and actions? These and other questions are important both personally and in the community.<\/p>\n<p>There are therefore two types of differentiation:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>In addition to the differentiation of the Bible<\/li>\n<li>Differentiate your own concerns.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Both are an opportunity for a better understanding. Unfortunately, they can also be used as a means of demarcation, after which you retreat into your own ivory tower. If you want to engage with the Bible together, it might be helpful to clarify such approaches in advance: What is my concern in looking at the Bible and what do I hope for as a result?[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image media=&#8221;54625&#8243; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;199612&#8243;][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;492279&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h3>Between theology and faith<\/h3>\n<p>A key to a differentiated understanding of the Bible must enable differentiation. What is valuable and why? This is a completely different question in theology studies than in the community. I myself tend towards both a universal and a specific interpretation. I think that both approaches are useful. Each approach deserves its own place.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Bible is universal<\/strong> if I am willing to learn from the whole Bible. Paul, for example, writes to Timothy that &#8220;all Scripture is God-breathed and <em>useful &#8230; so that<\/em>&#8230;&#8221; (2 Timothy 3:16-17). He meant, of course, the writings that were generally recognized by him at the time. There was no Bible as we know it today. All Scripture was useful because something positive could be taken from it that builds up and equips the &#8220;man of God&#8221;. Scripture sees Paul as an instrument in the life of a believer.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Bible is special<\/strong> in that it speaks to different people and groups of people over a long period of time. Differentiation is appropriate because the message also changes, expands and is reshaped. If you take developments into account, many Bible texts become more comprehensible. One begins to not refer to Bible texts indiscriminately, but to recognize what is contained in the text.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Both approaches are helpful<\/strong> if you recognize the respective limits. No one is served by radically excluding texts from consideration. It does not matter whether this is based on dispensationalist or biblical scientific considerations. Those who simply &#8220;take something away&#8221; may do so for good reasons, but this prevents a positive start. It&#8217;s not worth just saying &#8220;no&#8221; if you don&#8217;t know the &#8220;yes&#8221;. Where should the focus be placed?<\/p>\n<p>On the one hand, I should not relate any parts of the Bible to myself that explicitly have nothing to do with me or my situation, while on the other hand, I can recognize something about God and His actions in general. &#8220;Universal&#8221; is the approach that I can learn something from everything, while &#8220;special&#8221; is the approach that not everything always speaks directly of me. Both are helpful, but in different ways.<\/p>\n<p>A differentiated view should help me to learn something from the whole Bible on the one hand, while on the other hand I recognize that not everything has to do with my situation. The principle of a healthy approach to the Bible is this:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">&#8220;Everything is <strong>for me,<\/strong> but not everything speaks <strong>of me.&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_button button_color=&#8221;accent&#8221; radius=&#8221;btn-round&#8221; border_animation=&#8221;btn-ripple-in&#8221; border_width=&#8221;0&#8243; link=&#8221;url:https%3A%2F%2Fkernbeisser.ch%2Fen%2Fcultural-references-in-the-bible%2F|title:Cultural%20references%20in%20the%20Bible|target:_blank|&#8221; button_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;188223&#8243;]Cultural references in the Bible[\/vc_button][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"pld-like-dislike-wrap pld-template-1\">\r\n    <div class=\"pld-like-wrap  pld-common-wrap\">\r\n    <a href=\"javascript:void(0)\" class=\"pld-like-trigger pld-like-dislike-trigger  \" title=\"\" data-post-id=\"54637\" data-trigger-type=\"like\" data-restriction=\"cookie\" data-already-liked=\"0\">\r\n                        <i class=\"fas fa-thumbs-up\"><\/i>\r\n                <\/a>\r\n    <span class=\"pld-like-count-wrap pld-count-wrap\">0    <\/span>\r\n<\/div><div class=\"pld-dislike-wrap  pld-common-wrap\">\r\n    <a href=\"javascript:void(0)\" class=\"pld-dislike-trigger pld-like-dislike-trigger  \" title=\"\" data-post-id=\"54637\" data-trigger-type=\"dislike\" data-restriction=\"cookie\" data-already-liked=\"0\">\r\n                        <i class=\"fas fa-thumbs-down\"><\/i>\r\n                <\/a>\r\n    <span class=\"pld-dislike-count-wrap pld-count-wrap\">0<\/span>\r\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Feeling tension between theology and faith<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":54630,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1469],"tags":[566,559,598,617,556,567,558,570],"class_list":["post-54637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-short-reflections","tag-bible-interpretation","tag-bible-study","tag-community","tag-dispensationalism","tag-know-god","tag-new-testament","tag-old-testament","tag-theology"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What is universal about the Bible, what is specific? 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